Compressible oil filter pack



April 20, 1954 A. R. WHITE 2,675,919

COMPRESSIBLE on. V'FILTER PACK Filed Decf4, 1951 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

ALBEFQT R. WHITE.

, ATTOR NEYS April 20, 1954 A, wH

COMPRESSIBLE OIL FILTER PACK 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 4, 1951 S Aw m 0| Y; mw m m V A T p E B L AV. B 1 /62 April 20,1954 R, WHITE 2,675,919

COMPRESSIBLE OIL FILTER PACK Filed Dec. 4, 1951 s She ecs-She et 5 4 11 A a A 4 I 6 INVENTOR.

ALBERT R. WHITE ATTORNEYS tion, of the first embodime Figure 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic view of Patented Apr. 20, 1954 UNITED STATES rATsNT OFFICE GOMPBESSIBLE OIL FILTER PACK Albert R. White, Glendale, Calif. Application December 4, 1951, Serial No. 259,819

4 Claims.

ular reference to a pack of this character, which is produced by the steps disclosed in my copending application for Letters Patent, entitled Method of Making an Oil Filter Pack, Serial No. 259,820, filed in the United States Patent Office on December 4, 1951.

It is proposed in this invention to provide an oil filter pack which is designed to have a high rate of efficiency in absorbing contaminants from oil being filtered. Briefly stated, the filtering materials are arranged in successive layers so as to offer consecutive stages of filtration as the oil passes therethrough. Experience has shown that the passing of the oil through successive stages of filtration, one following the other, produces better results than would be obtained by flowing the oil through the same materials confined in a single layer.

Moreover, I propose to provide a filter pack having oil-seal and bearing washers incorporated thereinto to preclude the oil from by-passing the filtering materials. In addition, these washers are disposed in such a manner as to reinforce the pack at points where such reinforcement is needed, for instance, the top and bottom of the pack. Also, the washers thus provided act to center the pack nicely around the central pipe of the filter shell, holding the pack at its top and bottom in proper position.

As a still further object of the invention, it is proposed to provide an oil filter pack that may be compressed at its top and bottom so as to expand the body of thepack laterally to-com-- pletely bridge across the filter shell.

Another object is to encase the filtering material in tubular webbing, and to utilize one of the oil-seal washers for anchoring and concealing the ends of the webbing in place.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the specification continues. The novel features will be set forth in the claims hereunto appended.

' DRAWINGS For a :better understandingof my invention reference should be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this application, in

which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view taken through one form of a partially completed oil filter .pack;

Figure 2 is an elevational view, partly in sect of a finished pack;

' distance beyond the core the webbin ripp n the upper portion of Figure 2, as suggested by the arrow III in the latter, disclosing the ends of the tubular webbing anchored around an oilsealing and bearing washer;

Figure 4 is a face view of one of the washers employed in Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, but illustrating additional oil-seal washers arranged interiorly of a modified form of my pack;

Figure 6 is an elevational view of the second embodiment of the pack, with parts in section;

Figure 7 is a face view of the additional oil-seal washers utilized in Figures 5 and 6;

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 5, but disclosing the tubular webbing made in two separate sections, with adjacent ends of this webbing being bridged by a piece of cloth;

Figure 9 is a sectional view of the third em- :bodiment of my pack, portions being shown in elevation; and

Figure 10 is a plan view of the piece of cloth utilized in Figures 8 and 9.

While I have shown only the preferred forms of my invention it should be understood that various changes, or modifications, may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION First embodiment Referring now to the first form of my invention, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, it will be noted that Figure 1 discloses a partially completed pack, while the finished product is shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

As clearly illustrated in Figure 1, a tubular webbing A is folded back upon itself, as at It], so as to present inner and outer sections H and I2, respectively. The free marginal ends 1 la and 12a of these respective sections are arranged in registration with one another during the folding back of the webbing. Moreover, this webbing is fashioned from suitable loosely-knitted or woven fabric material that will withstand considerable stretching without tearing.

After the tubular webbing A has been thus folded, a woven wire cloth, perforated, or poriferous core 13 is telescoped thereinto, with the core to hold the latter in place. When inserting the core B into the tubular webbing A, the right-hand or longer free section A! of the webbing projects a greater than the left-hand or shorter free section A2 of the webbing, as disclosed in Figure 1.

Next the filtering materials for the body of the filter are applied spiraily around the core-supported intermediate portions A3 of the tubular webbing, with these filtering materials extending beyond opposing ends it and iii of the cloth or perforated core 28.

In order to provide a highly efiicient filter pack, I employ successive layers of coarse and fine materials C and F, respectively. The fine layers are made from cotton of fairly uniform thickness. In actual practice, the coarse layers are composed of a combination of cotton is, cotton threads il in the form of waste, and flake-like or wafer-like particles it or" paper materials thoroughly mixed together to form a filterillg mass. This paper may vary in thickness from tissue to heavier gauge.

These layers of filtering material may be applied readily around the core by the machine disclosed in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,471,595, dated May 31, 1949. In the process of winding, successive layers C and F are formed so as to offer consecutive stages of filtration not just one passing of the oil through one like mass.

The passing of the oil through a single layer of cotton and a layer of the combination filter mass is good filtration. Then, passing of the oil through successive stages, say three or more of the cotton F and the filter mass 0, one right after the other, is better filtration. The latter arrangement has given more remarkable results than having oil pass through the same materials confined in a single element, without benefit of successive layers of these same materials. The layer construction of my pack will cause the absorbing of large proportions of contaminants from the oil so that the outermost layer remains comparatively clean.

As the next step, I apply a large flexible washer G over the longer tubular section A! of the webbing, bringing it up against the right-hand end of the layers of filtering materials in the manner illustrated in Figure 1. This washer is made of synthetic rubber, commonly known as neoprene, which will withstand the action of oil without deteriorating. When the pack is moved into a vertical position, as shown in Figure 2, the washer G is disposed at the base of the filter pack or element.

Now both the inner and outer tubular webbings of the longer section A5 are turned back over the filtering layers, as suggested by the arrows at, and are extended all the way toward the left in Figure 1 until the marginal ends Ha and 42a register with the fold it of the shorter section A2 (see Figure 1). Thus there will be four thicknesses of the tubular webbing at the left of the pack body at this time, as indicated in Figure 1. Also, the turned-back portions of the webbings provide flexible and poriferous casings H and i2 entirely enclosing the filtering materials.

For the purpose of anchoring these four thicknesses of webbing into a unitary structure, a second neoprene washer H is telescoped over the outermost of these four tubular webbings now disposed at the left-hand side of Figure l. Thereafter, all four of these webbings (two from the section Al and two from the section A2) are stretched and drawn back over the outside surface of the washer H, and inserted underneath the surface it of this washer now facing the body of the pack, as indicated by the arrows b in Figure 1.

Next, the washer H is inverted or turned inside out, pulling the webbings therewith (see Figure 3). This will give a total of eight thick nesses of webbings extending through the bore 21 of the washer H. This washer securely anchors the sections Al and A2 together. All ends of the tubular webbings are concealed from exterior view and are firmly held in place. When the finished pack is moved into vertical position, as in Figure 2, the washer H will be at the top thereof.

Referring to Figure 2, I have shown a conventional type of an oil filter shell J having a centrally-disposed perforated tube 2! rising therein. The first form of my completed oil filter pack Pl (see Figure 2) is adapted to be telescoped downwardly over this tube, with the latter passing upwardly through the interior of the woven wire cloth or perforated cor-e B. The lower and upper washers G and H, respectively, provide oil seals at the ends of the pack Pi, which embrace the tube 2|.

In this type of oil filter, a removable cover 22 is secured over the top of the shell J a nut 23, which is threaded onto the upper end of the central tube. Also, it is common practice to employ a spring 24 for urging a metallic washer 25 downwardly over the tube and against the top of the filter pack or element Pl. The oil outlet pipe for the shell is designated at 01 course, the pipe 26 could be used as an inlet, if so desired, in which event the tube 2i would be utilized as an outlet.

The pack PI is built to have a greater length than the height of the filter shell J. Accordingly, when the pack rests on the bottom 2? of the shell and the cover 22 is drawn down into place, the ends of the pack are compressed. This will cause the body of the pack to expand laterally into contact with the annular wall 28 or" the shell, substantially filling the filter shell. In this connection, it will be observed that the filtering layers C and F project beyond the upper and lower ends [4 and 15, respectively, of the core B, thus permitting the ends of the pack to be compressed.

The flat washer H at the top of the pack grips the center tube 2| when the pack is compressed, holding the latter down to size. The several thicknesses of webbings surrounding this washer provides an exterior ring-like element R on the top of the pack against which the metallic washei- 25, or other pack-contacting means on the cover 22, is adapted to bear instead of on the pack body.

Moreover, it will be noted that the washers G and H reinforce the ends of the pack Pl. These washers act to center the pack around the tube 2|, holding the pack at its top and bottom in proper position. The washers G and H not only serve as oil seals at the ends of the pack, but help greatly to keep the pack in cylindrical shape, even though the pack is handled roughly. The lower washer G serves as a firm base on which the pack rests in the filter shell. Both flexible washers are external to the main part of the pack body in the finished article, and serve to make more firm what might be otherwise a more flimsy pack at the ends.

When withdrawing the used pack Pl from the filter shell J, the ring-like element B provides a hand grip, which may be grasped so as to lift the Back out of the shell.

Having thus described the various parts of the first form of my oil filter pack or element, the use thereof is summarized briefly as follows:

The pack PI is inserted into the filter shell J with the tube 2| projecting upwardly through the washers G and H, and further extending through the interior of the woven wire cloth or perforated core B. With the base of the pack resting on the bottom 21 of the filter shell, the cover 22 is applied over the top of the shell J. Upon tightening the nut 23, this cover and the metallic washer 25 cause the ends of the pack to be compressed, resulting in expanding the body of the pack into contact with the annular wall 28 of th filter shell. Assuming that the oil is conveyed by the tube 2! into the interior of the pack, this oil must pass through all of the layers of the coarse filtering material C and the fine materials F before reaching the outlet pipe 26. This oil is subjected to successive stages of filtration, say three or more. These filtering layers will absorb the contaminants from the oil, and the outermost layer of the pack will be comparatively clean.

The flexible washers G and H provide oil seals between the central tube 2| and the pack, precluding oil from bypassing the filtering layers. Furthermore, these washers reinforce the ends of the pack PI and hold the latter in position relative to the central tube of the filter shell. All

ends of the tubular webbing A are confined within the ring-like element R at the upper end of the pack.

It will be noted that the filtering body defines a bore extending therethrough between opposing ends of this body. The tubular webbing A provides a liner for this bore, and further encases the exterior surface of the filtering body. Moreover, the end sections of this webbing are telescoped over one another at one end of the filtering body; and, in turn, these end sections are wrapped around the washer H so as to anchor the end webbing sections together.

Second embodiment In Figures to 7, inclusive, I have shown the forming of a slightly modified form of an oil filter pack P2. The latter is quite similar to the pack Pl previously described, and like reference numerals have been applied to corresponding parts.

This embodiment provides for the addition of a pair of neoprene washers W, which are telescoped over the outer section ll of the tubular webbing that surrounds'the core B. It will be noted that these washers are disposed adjacent to th ends M- and I5 of the core. They are disposed on the interior of the filter body, and serve as additional oil seals, which embrace the central tube 2|, as clearly shown in Figure 6 of the drawings. Otherwise the construction and operation of the pack PI and P2 are identical with one another.

The additional washers W are disposed adjacent to the ends -45 of the foraminous core B, thus precluding the latter from sliding within the tubular webbing.

Third embodiment Turning now to the third form of my invention, Figures 8 to 10, inclusive, disclose the forming of an oil filter pack P3. The principal structural diiference between this pack and the pack P2 lies in the construction of the tubular webbings, which are made in two separate section A4 and A5 instead of a single tube as in the second embodiment.

In Figures 8 and 9, I show the long and short webbing sections A4 and A5, respectively, as being telescoped over the woven wire cloth or perforated core B. Thereafter, a piece of cloth 29 is wrapped around the adjacent ends of these webbing sections and secured thereto by any suitable means, for instance by strings 30'.

It will be observed that the pack P3 shown in Figure 9 is identical with the pack P2 illustrated in Figure 6, excepting for the differences in the tubular webbings and the addition of the piece of cloth 29 mentioned above. Like reference numerals have been employed to designate corresponding parts. of course, the interior washers W in Figure 9 could be omitted, if desired, pro ducing a pack similar to the one shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

I claim:

1. In an oil filter pack: a body of filtering material defining top and bottom ends, and having a bore extending therethrough between said ends of the body; a tubular webbing provided with an intermediate portion forming a liner for the bore of the filtering body; this webbing having an upper end section projecting above the top end of the filtering body, and further including an op posing end section turned back over the exterior of the filtering body to entirely encase the latter; these two and sections of the webbing being telescoped one over the other in overlapping relation at the top end of the filtering body and extending thereabove: a perforated tubular core disposed within the bore-liner portion of the webbing, and thus arranged on the interior of the filtering body; a resilient oil-sealing base washer abutting the lower end of the filtering body, and being fashioned with a wall-defining opening through which the tubular webbing projects; the webbing being disposed in snug engagement with the wall of the opening in this base Washer, and providing an unobstructed passage through which an oil tube may be inserted; and a second resilient oilsealing washer disposed exteriorly of the filtering body above the latter, and having a wall-defining opening therein; both of the upper overlapped sections of the tubular webbing extending through the opening in the second washer, with the innermost upper section of the webbing providing an unobstructed passage through which said oil tube may extend; the overlapped sections of the tubular webbing being wrapped around and anchored to the second washer to enclose the latter; the second washer and the tubular webbing wrapped therearound providing an exposed element disposed at the top of the pack to constitute a lifting handle therefor.

2. In an oil filter pack: a body of filtering material defining top and bottom ends, and having a bore extending therethrough between said ends of the body; a tubular webbing provided with an intermediate portion forming a liner for the bore of the filtering body; this webbing having an upper end section projecting above the top end of the filtering body, and further including an opposing end section turned back over the exterior of the filtering body to entirely encase the latter; these two end sections of the webbing being telescoped one over the other in overlapping relation at the top end of the filtering body and extending thereabove; a perforated tubular core disposed within the bore-liner portion of the webbing, and thus arranged on the interior of the filtering body; a resilient oil-sealing base washer abutting the lower end of the filtering body, and being fashioned with a wall-defining opening through which the tubular webbing projects; the webbing disposed in snug engagement with the wall of the opening in this base washer, and providing an unobstructed passage through which an oil tube may be inserted; and a second resilient oil-sealing washer disposed exteriorly of the filtering body above the latter, and having a walldefining opening therein; both of the upper overlapped sections of the tubular webbing extending through the opening in the second washer, with the innermost upper section of the webbing providing an unobstructed passage through which said oil tube may extend; the overlapped sections of the tubular webbing being wrapped around and anchored to the second washer to enclose the latter; the second washer and the tubular webbing wrapped therearound providing an exposed element disposed at the top of the pack to constitute a lifting handle therefor; said tubular core being substantially cylindrical and defining upper and lower ends; and additional oil-sealing washers disposed on the interior of the filtering body adjacent said ends of the tubular core these additional washers having openings through which the intermediate portion of the tubular webbing extends, which openings are smaller than the diameter of the tubular core to thereby constrict the Webbing adjacent said ends of. the core and preclude the core from sliding within the tubular webbing.

3. In an oil filter pack: a body of filtering material having a bore extending therethrough between opposing ends of the body; a tubular webbing providing a liner for this bore, and further encasing the entire exterior surface of the filtering body so as to constitute a complete enclosure for the filtering material; this webbing having end sections telescoped over one another in overlapping relation to project endwise beyond one end of the filtering body; and a resilient oilseal bearing washer disposed exteriorly of the filtering body and being telescoped over these overlapped end sections of the webbing; the projecting webbing sections being wrapped around this washer to enclose the latter and to anchor the end Webbing sections thereto; this washer and the webbing sections providing an exposed element disposed at oneend of the pack to con stitute a lifting handle therefor.

4. In an oil filter pack: a body of filtering material defining top and bottom ends, and having a bore extending therethrough between said ends of the body; a tubular webbing provided with an intermediate portion forming a liner for the bore of the filtering body; this webbing having an upper end section projecting above the top end of the filtering body, and further including an opposing end section turned back over the exterior of the filtering body to entirely encase the latter; these two end sections of the Webbing being telescoped one over the other in overlapping relation at the top end of the filtering body and extending thereabove; a resilient oil-sealing base washer abutting the lower end of the filtering body, and being fashioned with a wall-defining opening through which the tubular webbing projects; the Webbing being disposed in snug engagement with the wall of the opening in this base washer, and providing an unobstructed passage through which an oil tube may be inserted; and a second resilient oil-sealing washer disposed exteriorly of the filtering body above the latter, and having a wall-defining opening therein; both of the upper overlapped sections or" the tubular webbing extending through the opening in Le second washer, with the innermost upper section of the webbing providing an unobstructed passage through which said oil tube may extend; the overlapped section of the tubular webbing being wrapped around and anchored to the second washer to enclose the latter; the second washer and the tubular webbing wrapped therearound providing an exposed element disposed at the top of the pack to constitute a lifting handle therefor.

rtererences Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 754,053 Derham Mar. 8, 1904 980,832 Pittelkow -Q; Jan. 3, 1911 1,898,027 Winslow Feb. 21, 1933 2,098,102 McLean Nov. 2, 1937 2,143,044 Wicks et a1 July 10, 1939 2,197,471 Hooper Apr. 18, 1940 2,301,121 Kamrath Nov. 3, 1942 2,314,640 Winslow et a1. Mar. 23, 1943 2,394,895 Burhans Feb. 12, 1946 2,427,733 McCann Sept. 23, 1947 2,435,707 Bray et al Feb. 10, 1943 2,463,137 B'ahlke Mar. 1, 1949 2,550,853 Nugent May 1, 1951 

